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The Terroirs and Grape Varieties of Champagne
Champagne is one of the world's most prestigious wine regions. Renowned for its exceptional sparkling wines, it combines a remarkable diversity of terroirs, grape varieties and winemaking expertise to produce some of the most sought-after wines on the planet.

Discover our selection of grower Champagnes, Grand Cru Champagnes, Blanc de Blancs, vintage cuvées and prestige Champagnes, carefully stored in optimal conditions before shipment.
Officially defined in 1927, the Champagne appellation covers approximately 34,000 hectares of vineyards.
Located around 150 kilometres east of Paris, the region includes 320 wine-growing villages spread across five French departments:
- Marne (66%)
- Aube (23%)
- Aisne (10%)
- Haute-Marne and Seine-et-Marne (1%)
The vineyard is divided into four major areas:
- Montagne de Reims
- Vallée de la Marne
- Côte des Blancs
- Côte des Bar
Champagne consists of nearly 278,000 vineyard parcels, with an average size of just 0.18 hectares. Historically, 17 villages have been classified as Grand Cru and 42 as Premier Cru.
Three categories of villages coexist within Champagne: Grand Cru, Premier Cru and all other Champagne villages.
Champagne Grand Cru Villages
Among Champagne's 320 wine-growing villages, 17 enjoy full Grand Cru status, representing approximately 4,000 hectares, or around 13% of the vineyard area. These villages include Ambonnay, Avize, Aÿ, Beaumont-sur-Vesle, Bouzy, Chouilly, Cramant, Louvois, Mailly-Champagne, Le Mesnil-sur-Oger, Oger, Oiry, Puisieulx, Sillery, Tours-sur-Marne, Verzenay and Verzy.
To label a wine as Champagne Grand Cru, the grapes must come entirely from vineyards located within Grand Cru villages. This requirement explains why the designation is used relatively infrequently, as many growers own vineyards across several villages of different classifications.
Champagne Premier Cru Villages
Forty-four villages benefit from Premier Cru classification, representing approximately 5,000 hectares, or 17% of the Champagne vineyard.
These villages include Avenay, Bergères-les-Vertus, Chamery, Cumières, Dizy, Hautvillers, Ludes, Mareuil-sur-Aÿ, Pierry, Rilly-la-Montagne, Vertus and many others spread across the region.
Other Champagne Villages
The vast majority of Champagne wines originate from villages that are classified neither Grand Cru nor Premier Cru. These villages account for approximately 70% of the vineyard surface and are entitled to use the appellation Champagne.
The Champagne appellation legally designates sparkling wines produced within the region using the traditional Champagne method.
Most prestige Champagnes are non-vintage wines. By blending wines from several harvests, growers and Champagne houses seek to maintain a consistent house style and signature from one year to the next.
When a harvest is considered exceptional, producers may decide to create a vintage Champagne. These wines are generally released as Brut Champagnes and highlight the specific character of a single year.
The Main Grape Varieties of Champagne
The nature of Champagne's terroirs has naturally favoured certain grape varieties. Today, Pinot Noir, Pinot Meunier and Chardonnay dominate plantings. Arbane, Petit Meslier, Pinot Blanc and Pinot Gris remain authorised but together account for less than 0.3% of the vineyard.
Chardonnay
Chardonnay accounts for approximately 30% of vineyard plantings and is the emblematic grape of the Côte des Blancs. It produces elegant wines with floral, citrus and mineral notes. Thanks to its natural freshness and ageing potential, Chardonnay is the foundation of the finest Blanc de Blancs Champagnes.
Pinot Noir
Representing around 38% of the vineyard, Pinot Noir thrives on Champagne's chalky soils and dominates the Montagne de Reims and Côte des Bar. It contributes structure, body and depth, while bringing aromas of red fruits and remarkable ageing potential.
Pinot Meunier
Covering approximately 32% of plantings, Pinot Meunier is particularly well suited to the clay-rich soils of the Vallée de la Marne. It brings fruitiness, roundness and accessibility, often making Champagnes more approachable in their youth.
The Finest Grower Champagnes
Unlike many large Champagne houses that purchase a significant proportion of their grapes, grower Champagnes are produced from vineyards cultivated directly by the winemaker. These wines often offer a more authentic expression of terroir and a distinctive personality highly appreciated by wine enthusiasts.
Our selection highlights producers renowned for the precision of their wines, from elegant Blanc de Blancs and long-aged vintage cuvées to gastronomic Champagnes sought after by collectors, sommeliers and fine wine lovers.
Explore our selection of Grand Cru Champagnes and exceptional Champagne wines.
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